Adressing Energy Demand and Climate Change through the Second Law of Thermodynamics and LCA towards a Rational Use of Energy in Brazilian Households

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dc.contributor.authorPEREIRA, M. T. R. M.
dc.contributor.authorCARVALHO, M.
dc.contributor.authorCarlos Mady
dc.contributor.authorOrcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-0629
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-01T06:02:57Z
dc.date.available2022-12-01T06:02:57Z
dc.date.issued2022-10-25
dc.description.abstract© 2022 by the authors.This study focuses on a typical Brazilian household through the lens of sustainable development, regarding energy demand and GHG emissions. The analysis encompasses both the direct and indirect energy, exergy consumption, and GHG emissions (quantified by life cycle assessment) associated with the usual routine of a household. The household is modeled as a thermodynamic system to evaluate inputs (food, electricity, fuels for transportation) and outputs (solid and liquid residues). The hypothesis is that each input and output contains CO (Formula presented.) emissions and exergy derived from its physical-chemical characteristics or production chains. Each household appliance is modeled and tested as a function of external parameters. The contribution of several industries was obtained to the total GHG emissions and exergy flows entering and exiting the household (e.g., fuels for transportation, food, gas, electricity, wastewater treatment, solid waste). It was verified that urban transportation was the flow with the highest GHG and exergy intensity, ranging between 1.49 and 7.53 kgCO (Formula presented.) /day and achieving 94.7 MJ/day, almost five times higher than the calculated exergy demand due to electricity. The second largest flow in GHG emissions was food due to the characteristics of the production chains, ranging from 1.6 to 4.75 kgCO (Formula presented.) /day, depending on the adopted diet. On the other hand, the electricity presented low GHG emissions due to the main energy sources used to generate electricity, only 0.52 kgCO (Formula presented.) /day. Moreover, the chemical exergy of the solid waste was 9.7 MJ/day, and is not irrelevant compared to the other flows, representing an interesting improvement opportunity as it is entirely wasted in the baseline scenario.
dc.description.issuenumber11
dc.description.volume24
dc.identifier.citationPEREIRA, M. T. R. M.; CARVALHO, M.; MADY, C. Adressing Energy Demand and Climate Change through the Second Law of Thermodynamics and LCA towards a Rational Use of Energy in Brazilian Households. Entropy, v. 24, n. 11, oct. 2022.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/e24111524
dc.identifier.issn1099-4300
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.fei.edu.br/handle/FEI/4644
dc.relation.ispartofEntropy
dc.rightsAcesso Aberto
dc.rights.licenseCreative Commons "Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative commons (CC BY 4.0). Fonte: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85141769457&origin=inward. Acesso em: 08 dez. 2022.
dc.subject.otherlanguageclimate change
dc.subject.otherlanguageenergy
dc.subject.otherlanguageexergy analysis
dc.subject.otherlanguagelife cycle assessment
dc.subject.otherlanguageSDG 12
dc.subject.otherlanguagethermodynamics
dc.titleAdressing Energy Demand and Climate Change through the Second Law of Thermodynamics and LCA towards a Rational Use of Energy in Brazilian Households
dc.typeArtigo
fei.scopus.citations4
fei.scopus.eid2-s2.0-85141769457
fei.scopus.updated2024-05-01
fei.scopus.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85141769457&origin=inward
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