Economia circular: um modelo de governança florestal para conservação da Amazônia Legal Brasileira
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Tipo de produção
Tese
Data
2023
Autores
Souza, Débora Oliveira de
Orientador
Souza, Maria Tereza Saraiva de
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Título de Volume
Citação
SOUZA, Débora Oliveira de. Economia circular: um modelo de governança florestal para conservação da Amazônia Legal Brasileira. 2023. 322 f. Tese (Doutorado em Administração de Empresas) - Centro Universitário FEI, São Paulo, 2023 Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.31414/ADM.2023.T.131674.
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Palavras-chave
Economia Circular,Florestas
Resumo
Esta pesquisa, teve o objetivo de desenvolver um modelo de análise de economia circular aplicado à conservação das florestas nativas da Amazônia Legal Brasileira. O estudo utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, realizada mediante um estudo de caso único com unidades de análise incorporadas, com 36 entrevistas realizadas com os principais atores da governança floresta nos nove estados da ALB. Utilizou-se pesquisa documental e observação para construção dos resultados da pesquisa. Os resultados destacam a importância dos povos das florestas na conservação florestal por meio de suas práticas tradicionais de manejo sustentável, desempenhando um papel fundamental na conservação das florestas. Além disso, a pesquisa indica que a economia circular já acontece na ALB, o que oferece crescentes oportunidades para adotar esse modelo, uma vez que as florestas fornecem uma ampla variedade de produtos florestais não-madeireiros que são extraídos de maneira sustentável por algumas comunidades na região. Isso tem contribuído para criação de novos ciclos técnicos e biológicos que garantem a contínua disponibilidade desses recursos, além de contribuir com geração de empregos para os povos das florestas, renda para as famílias locais e uma economia mais equilibrada e sustentável. No entanto, comprovou-se diversas barreiras que dificultam a conservação florestal, como: falta de estabelecimento de uma governança florestal efetiva; as tomadas de decisão são feitas de maneira unilateral, sem a participação de atores considerados primordiais, em especial os povos das florestas; falta de apoio dos parlamentares; a descontinuidade de projetos com mudanças de governos; a falta de políticas públicas para o fortalecimento das cadeias produtivas dos PFNMs; a dificuldade logística para acesso às comunidades, principalmente para manuseio dos PFNMs extraídos das florestas; a infraestrutura básica das comunidades são consideradas precárias. Também, foi identificado que a fiscalização dos desmatamentos e incêndios florestais não acontecem de forma contínua, por falta de recursos financeiros, falta de recursos humanos, além da falta de tecnologias que contribuam na fiscalização constante. A pesquisa mostra a necessidade de promover a integração entre os diversos atores da governança florestal, em especial entre os
nove estados da ALB, para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas abrangentes e estratégias efetivas, contra os desmatamentos e incêndios florestais. Propõe-se investimentos em pesquisas, para aprimorar as estratégias de conservação na ALB, com o desenvolvimento de
tecnologias inovadoras, como por exemplo a inteligência artificial e o monitoramento avançado
This research aimed to develop a circular economy analysis model applied to the conservation of the native forests in the Legal Brazilian Amazon. The study employed a qualitative and descriptive approach, conducted through a single-case study with embedded units of analysis, involving 36 interviews with key forest governance actors in the nine states of the ALB. Documentary research and observation were used to construct the research findings. The results underscore the importance of forest peoples in forest conservation through their traditional practices of sustainable management, playing a fundamental role in forest preservation. Additionally, the research indicates that circular economy practices are already occurring in the ALB, offering growing opportunities for adopting this model, as forests provide a wide variety of non-timber forest products that are sustainably harvested by some communities in the region. This has contributed to the creation of new technical and biological cycles that ensure the continuous availability of these resources, while also contributing to job creation for forest peoples, income for local families, and a more balanced and sustainable economy. However, several barriers to forest conservation have been identified, such as the lack of effective forest governance establishment, unilateral decision-making without the participation of key actors, especially forest peoples, lack of support from lawmakers, discontinuity of projects with changes in government, absence of public policies to strengthen non-timber forest product value chains, logistical difficulties in accessing communities, particularly for handling non-timber forest products extracted from forests, and inadequate basic infrastructure in communities. Additionally, it was noted that monitoring of deforestation and forest fires is not continuous due to a lack of financial resources, human resources, and technologies to support constant surveillance. The research highlights the need to promote integration among various forest governance actors, especially among the nine states of the ALB, for the development of comprehensive and effective public policies and strategies against deforestation and forest fires. Investments in research are proposed to enhance conservation strategies in the ALB, including the development of innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence and advanced monitoring
This research aimed to develop a circular economy analysis model applied to the conservation of the native forests in the Legal Brazilian Amazon. The study employed a qualitative and descriptive approach, conducted through a single-case study with embedded units of analysis, involving 36 interviews with key forest governance actors in the nine states of the ALB. Documentary research and observation were used to construct the research findings. The results underscore the importance of forest peoples in forest conservation through their traditional practices of sustainable management, playing a fundamental role in forest preservation. Additionally, the research indicates that circular economy practices are already occurring in the ALB, offering growing opportunities for adopting this model, as forests provide a wide variety of non-timber forest products that are sustainably harvested by some communities in the region. This has contributed to the creation of new technical and biological cycles that ensure the continuous availability of these resources, while also contributing to job creation for forest peoples, income for local families, and a more balanced and sustainable economy. However, several barriers to forest conservation have been identified, such as the lack of effective forest governance establishment, unilateral decision-making without the participation of key actors, especially forest peoples, lack of support from lawmakers, discontinuity of projects with changes in government, absence of public policies to strengthen non-timber forest product value chains, logistical difficulties in accessing communities, particularly for handling non-timber forest products extracted from forests, and inadequate basic infrastructure in communities. Additionally, it was noted that monitoring of deforestation and forest fires is not continuous due to a lack of financial resources, human resources, and technologies to support constant surveillance. The research highlights the need to promote integration among various forest governance actors, especially among the nine states of the ALB, for the development of comprehensive and effective public policies and strategies against deforestation and forest fires. Investments in research are proposed to enhance conservation strategies in the ALB, including the development of innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence and advanced monitoring