Reflexões acerca da prática de outsourcing de atividades de engenharia na indústria automobilística brasileira
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Tipo de produção
Dissertação
Data
2012
Autores
Pisani, J. F.
Orientador
Consoni, Flávia
Periódico
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Citação
PISANI, J. F. Reflexões acerca da prática de outsourcing de atividades de engenharia na indústria automobilística brasileira. 2012. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Administração) - Centro Universitário FEI, São Paulo, 2012. Disponível em: <http://sofia.fei.edu.br:8080/pergamumweb/vinculos/000035/0000353f.pdf>. Acesso em: 13 ago. 2018.
Texto completo (DOI)
Palavras-chave
Indústria automobilística,Terceirização
Resumo
Outsourcing é uma prática que evolucionou da alternativa de redução de custos de mão de obra para se tornar uma alternativa estratégica, na medida em que abarca atividades cada vez mais qualificadas e essenciais. A princípio, parece contrariar a recomendação de não se terceirizar atividades críticas, sob o risco de transferir ou até perder o conhecimento e desenvolvimento de habilidades internas. No entanto, o cenário de globalização e necessidade de obtenção de vantagem competitiva de maneira cada vez mais ágil e retorno de investimentos, incrementaram o outsourcing, sem comprometer a manutenção do know-how por parte das empresas. Os processos de outsourcing eram inicialmente concentrados em atividades relacionadas à produção e, a partir de sua inclusão em serviços, tornaram-se mais especializadas. Para demonstrar esta nova geração do outsourcing, foi realizada uma pesquisa junto ao setor automotivo, para evidenciar o crescimento da modalidade através de provedores de serviços de engenharia. Este estudo foi concentrado no outsourcing direto de provedores de serviços específicos, excluindo as atividades desenvolvidas em parceria com fornecedores-desenvolvedores. Partindo da premissa de que há expansão de atividades de outsourcing na engenharia automotiva global, a pesquisa visa verificar se no Brasil a modalidade é aplicada em atividades estratégicas correlatas à engenharia de Desenvolvimento de Produtos (DP) e de quais seriam suas implicações relacionadas aos processos de inovação. Para isto, foram pesquisadas três das principais montadoras de automóveis no Brasil, e duas multinacionais fornecedoras de serviços de engenharia automotiva. Por outro lado, discutem-se as restrições da legislação brasileira em relação à terceirização, que não contempla as chamadas atividades-fim e não reflete a atual contextualização da prática do outsourcing estratégico. A principal constatação deste estudo é de que existem diferentes estratégias quanto à externalização de P&D por parte da indústria automotiva e também por parte dos próprios prestadores de serviço, quanto à sua participação nos diversos projetos que são conduzidos e desenvolvidos no Brasil.
Outsourcing is a practice that evolves from simply an alternative for reducing labor costs to a strategic option that covers activities increasingly critical and core. At first, it seems to contradict the recommendation not to outsource critical activities, in order not to run the risk to transfer, or even lose the competence and development of internal skills. However, the scenario of globalization and the need to obtain competitive advantage in less time and commitment on investment returns enhances outsourcing, without compromising the maintenance of "know-how" for the industry. The processes of outsourcing were initially focused on activities related to manufacturing and since included services, became far more specialized. To demonstrate this new generation of outsourcing, a survey was conducted in the automotive sector, to highlight the growth of activities regarding providers of engineering services. This study was focused on engineering activities directly supplied by specialized service providers, excluding others developed in partnership with regular suppliers. Assuming that there is expansion of outsourcing activities in the global automotive engineering, the research aims to examine if in Brazil outsourcing is applied in strategic activities related to engineering in Product Development (PD) and what are the implications related to the processes of innovation. To this end, we surveyed three major automakers in Brazil, and two multinational automotive engineering service providers. Furthermore, we discuss the constraints of the Brazilian legislation in relation to outsourcing that does not include core activities thus not reflecting the current context of the practice of strategic outsourcing. The main finding of this study is that there are different strategies regarding the externalization of R & D by the automotive industry and also by the service providers themselves, regarding partnerships in projects that are conducted and developed in Brazil.
Outsourcing is a practice that evolves from simply an alternative for reducing labor costs to a strategic option that covers activities increasingly critical and core. At first, it seems to contradict the recommendation not to outsource critical activities, in order not to run the risk to transfer, or even lose the competence and development of internal skills. However, the scenario of globalization and the need to obtain competitive advantage in less time and commitment on investment returns enhances outsourcing, without compromising the maintenance of "know-how" for the industry. The processes of outsourcing were initially focused on activities related to manufacturing and since included services, became far more specialized. To demonstrate this new generation of outsourcing, a survey was conducted in the automotive sector, to highlight the growth of activities regarding providers of engineering services. This study was focused on engineering activities directly supplied by specialized service providers, excluding others developed in partnership with regular suppliers. Assuming that there is expansion of outsourcing activities in the global automotive engineering, the research aims to examine if in Brazil outsourcing is applied in strategic activities related to engineering in Product Development (PD) and what are the implications related to the processes of innovation. To this end, we surveyed three major automakers in Brazil, and two multinational automotive engineering service providers. Furthermore, we discuss the constraints of the Brazilian legislation in relation to outsourcing that does not include core activities thus not reflecting the current context of the practice of strategic outsourcing. The main finding of this study is that there are different strategies regarding the externalization of R & D by the automotive industry and also by the service providers themselves, regarding partnerships in projects that are conducted and developed in Brazil.