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Use of hydrodynamic cavitation as an alternative for biodiesel production
(2009-08-30) SANTOS, S. L. DOS; FERREIRA, M. S.; Maristhela Passoni de Araújo Marin; Luis Novazzi
© 2009 by ABCM.Biodiesel is known as an alternative to conventional petrodiesel because of its renewability and better combustion performance, in addition to reducing emissions, harmful to the environment. Biodiesel production consists on the transesterification of triglycerides with an alcohol and the reaction is affected by the alcohol type, temperature, molar ratio of alcohol to oil and catalyst type and amount. Since this reaction is a heterogeneous one, reagent mixing is also of crucial importance and traditionally the blending is carried out by using mechanical mixers. In this work a different approach is proposed, where the mixing is induced by hydrodynamic cavitation provoked by an orifice plate connected to the suction of a centrifugal pump. Biodiesel production was carried out at 45°C with a 1:8 molar ratio of soybean oil to ethanol. It was observed that the method assisted by hydrodynamic cavitation promotes the enhancement of biodiesel yield in comparison to the conventional method that uses mechanical stirring. In comparative tests carried out from 0 to 40 minutes, the hydrodynamic cavitation always showed conversion rates larger than the mechanical agitation. Although specific energy consumption in biodiesel production is slightly higher for hydrodynamic cavitation when compared to conventional mechanical mixing, it was observed that in the alternative approach the equipment employed is simple and has a low acquisition cost, showing that it has a great potential to be scaled up and used in industrial processes.
Influence of feedstock on biodiesel corrosiveness and degradation
(2014-11-16) Isabella Aquino; ALVES, T. P.; SILVA, F. F. R; AOKI, I. V.; Ricardo Torres
Transesterification of sunflower oil produced by solvent extraction
(2014-11-16) Maristhela Passoni de Araújo Marin; Luis Novazzi; DENARI, M. L.
In this work, the leaching of oil from sunflower seeds using hexane was studied. The solution of oil / hexane was thereafter transesterified, with methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the catalyst, in a batch reactor, for 1 hour and with a constant temperature of 45 °C. It is important to point out that the extracted oil was not refined and was directly used on transesterification reactions. The hexane in the oil / hexane solution acted as a cosolvent and made the oil / methanol mixture forms a single-phase. Experimental results obtained in the transesterification reactions showed that the increase of methanol / oil mole ratio on reaction yield is negative, whereas the increase of catalyst concentration on reaction yield is positive. Reaction yields decreased 18.00% on average when the mole ratio methanol / oil was increased. When catalyst concentration was augmented, reaction yields increased 15.19%, on average. These results are statistically meaningful, since the standard deviation was equal to 0.48%. Moreover, an interaction between methanol / oil mole ratio and catalyst concentration on reaction yield was observed.
Influence of the synthetic antioxidants, BHT and TBHQ, on soybean biodiesel corrosiveness and degradation
(2015-11-08) Isabella Aquino; CELIBERTO, B. P.; ALVES, T. P.; AOKI, I. V.; Ricardo Torres

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