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Architectural design group decision-making in agile projects
(2017-06-23) LOPES, S. V. F.; Plinio Thomaz Aquino Junior
© 2017 IEEE.Software architecture has many definitions. One widely accepted definition of software architecture is that it is a composition of a set of architectural design decisions. Hence, designing a software architecture is a decision-making process. Agile methods drastically changed the way of designing a software architecture. In projects using agile methods (e.g. Scrum), making architectural design decisions is not the responsibility of a single person, but rather the whole development team. Despite the popularity of such methods in the industry, little research exists on how to make these decisions from the perspective of a group effectively. Current techniques usually focus on the identification of quality attributes and design alternatives, not addressing the whole decision-making process. The quality of decisions directly reflects the quality of the software architecture. Therefore poor decisions lead to bad software architectures. In this paper, we discuss current research on group decision-making in software architecture and the proposal of a combination of concepts from two architecture definition methods into a single approach that can be used in agile projects and addresses the most critical concerns of group decision-making. This proposal is part of a master's research project.
Comparison of Bio-Inspired Algorithms from the Point of View of Medical Image Segmentation
(2018) Wachs Lopes G.A.; Beltrame F.S.; Santos R.M.; Rodrigues P.S.
© 2018 IEEE.As new technological challenges depending on the computational performance of bio-inspired algorithms emerge, the demand for more efficient heuristic solutions grows up at same rate. Specifically, the medical field is one of the most challenging, due to the fact of the pre-processing steps, such as multilevel segmentation of color spaces, require greater precision. Thus, many algorithms inspired by natural behavior have emerged successfully aiming to find approximate solutions compatible with optimal ones, but with much higher performance in terms of computational time. Although they perform well, some of these newer algorithms have not yet been analyzed from their practical applicability in one or more medical databases. This paper presents a comparative study from a practical point of view of three of these new algorithms: Cuckoo Search (CS), KH (Krill Herd) and EHO (Elephant Herd Optimization). Our results suggest that these three algorithms are compatible in terms of performance in medical databases, but with EHO showing the best performance among all three.
RoboFEI@Home: Winning Team of the RoboCup@Home Open Platform League 2022
(2023-03-24) MAROSTICA, N.G.; AGUIAR, N. A. G. M.; PIMENTAL, F. A. M.; Aquino-Junior P.T.
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.For the first time, the HERA robot won the RoboCup@Home in the Open Platform League in Bangkok, Thailand. This robot was designed and developed by the RoboFEI@Home team, considering all mechanical, electronic, and computational aspects. It is an Open League platform capable of performing autonomous tasks in home environments, in addition to human-robot interaction, collaborating with people who share the same environment. In this edition of the competition, the platform presented advances in the methods of interacting with people and social navigation. Interaction with people and objects is supported by image segmentation processes, enhancing environment perceptions and people recognition during tasks.
The Inclusive Potential of Educational Robotics
(2022-10-18) CANET, A. M. D.; Flavio Tonidandel
© 2022 IEEE.Educational Robotics favors the development of reasoning, teamwork and the socialization of knowledge. In this work, using this educational technology as a learning mediator, its inclusive potential for students with disabilities in elementary school questioned. The objective of this study is verify the inclusive potential of educational robotics and what are the difficulties the robotics teachers present in the inclusion of students with disabilities. This research is qualitative and quantitative. It involves a bibliographic research and a questionnaire answered by the Professor of Support to Pedagogical Projects of Educational Technologies (PAPP TEC) of the Municipal Schools of São Bernardo do Campo. The questionnaire used the free Google Forms tool. The multiple-choice answers received statistical treatment and the open question analyzed using Bardin's content analysis. In the questionnaire and in the semi-structured interview, the teachers pointed out the need for training actions, collaborative action by support professionals (Technical Guidance Team and specialist teachers in the areas of disabilities) and access to assistive technology for the development of the inclusive potential of robotics.
Case Study of student with neuromotor disability in the Educational Robotics project in Elementary School I
(2022) Canet A.M.D.; Tonidandel F.
© 2022 IEEE.In this investigation, using educational robotics as a mediator of learning, its inclusive potential for students with severe neuromotor impairment in elementary school was questioned. The objective of this work is to list the strategies and assistive technologies needed for children diagnosed with chronic non-evolving encephalopathy, with a motor condition of tetraparesis, who are attending Elementary School I, to be able to perform the activities proposed in the Educational Robotics classes. The hypothesis raised is that with the necessary adaptations the student can improve their functional performance and carry out school activities with greater autonomy and independence. This research is qualitative. It involves two phases: bibliographic research and a case study involving two elementary school students diagnosed with non-progressive chronic encephalopathy, with a motor condition of tetraparesis. The following used for the analysis of functional performance: the filming of the child before and after the use of the adaptations, the PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), the ICF (International Classification of Functioning) and the PAPP TEC semi-structured interview. It concluded that virtual robotics through a software with screen scanning and interconnected boards of communication proved a possibility for adapting children who do not have conventional access to the assembly and programming parts of the robot, especially those with severe neuromotor disability who obtain the adaptive switch. With the use of adaptations, the student showed an improvement in her occupational performance and made it possible for her to participate in activities as a protagonist and not just as an observer.
Computer Vision Based on a Modular Neural Network for Automatic Assessment of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Activities
(2022-01-05) FRANCISCO, J. A.; Paulo Rodrigues
AuthorPhysical rehabilitation techniques during the treatment of clinical pathology are one of the most challenging areas for the medical structure, patients, and families. In large and continental countries, remote monitoring of this treatment is essential. However, equipment and medical follow-up during exercises still have high costs. With the improvement of computer vision and machine learning techniques, some computational, less expensive alternatives have been proposed in the literature. However, monitoring patients during physical rehabilitation exercises with the help of artificial intelligence by a health professional, especially from the capture of visual signals, is still a challenge and poorly explored in the scientific-technological literature. This work aims to propose a new methodology based on computer vision and machine learning for remote tracking of the body joints of patients during physiotherapy rehabilitation exercises. As a new contribution, this work presents a modular neural network architecture composed of two modules: one for detecting physical exercises and another for measuring how much is correct. Another contribution is a strategy for expanding databases, considering that generic databases for this type of exercise are rare on the internet. The results showed that both modules obtained more than 90% of accuracy in recognition and their respective validation.
Synthesizing 3D face shapes using tensor-based multivariate statistical discriminant methods
(2011-11-14) MONOI, J.-L.; Plinio Thomaz Aquino Junior; GILLIES, D. F.
We have implemented methods to reconstruct and model 3D face shapes and to synthesize facial expressions from a set of real human 3D face surface maps. The method employed tensor-based statistical shape modelling and statistical discriminant modelling methods. In the statistical shape modelling approach, new face shapes are created by moving the surface points along the appropriate expressive direction in the training set space. In the statistical discriminant model, new face shapes, such as facial expressions, can be synthesized by moving the surface points along the most discriminant direction found from the classes of expressions in the training set. The advantage of the tensor-based statistical discriminant analysis method is that face shapes of varying degrees can be generated from a small number of examples available in the 3D face shape datasets. The results of the reconstructions and synthesis of three-dimensional faces are illustrated in the paper. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.
CARES 3.0: A two stage system combining feature-based recognition and edge-based segmentation for CIMT measurement on a multi-institutional ultrasound database of 300 images
(2011-08-30) MOLINARI, F.; MELBURGER, K. M.; ACHARYA, U. R.; ZENG, G.; Paulo Rodrigues; SABA, L.; NICOLAIDES, A.; SURI, J. S.
The intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (CIMT) is a validated marker of atherosclerosis. Accurate CIMT measurement can be performed by specifically designed computer algorithms. We improved a previous CIMT measurement technique by introducing a smart heuristic search for the lumen-intima (LI) and media-adventitia (MA) interfaces of the carotid distal wall. We called this new release as CARES 3.0 (a class of AtheroEdge™ system, a patented technology from Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc., CA, USA). CARES 3.0 is completely automated and adopts an integrated approach for carotid location in the image frame, followed by segmentation based on edge snapper and heuristic search. CARES 3.0 was benchmarked against three other techniques on a 300 image multi-institutional database. One of the techniques was user-driven. The CARES 3.0 CIMT measurement bias was -0.021±0.182 mm, which was better than that of the semi automated method (-0.036±0.183 mm). CARES 3.0 outperformed the other two fully automated methods. The Figure-of-Merit of CARES 3.0 was 97.4%, better than that of the semi-automated technique (95.4%). © 2011 IEEE.
On source code completion assistants and the need of a context-aware approach
(2017-07-09) ARREBOLA, F. V.; Plinio Thomaz Aquino Junior
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017.Source code completion assistance is a popular feature in modern IDEs. However, despite their popularity, there is little research about their key characteristics and limitations. There is also little research about the way software developers interact with code completion assistants, especially when considering the different techniques assistants use to populate the list of possible completions. This paper presents a study about the features of currently available code assistants and an experiment targeting professional Java developers familiar with the Eclipse platform that aims to collect and interpret usage data of two popular code completion assistants during the execution of three programming tasks. Results indicate that half the interactions with code assistants are either dismissed, interrupted or the completion proposals displayed have no direct contribution to the completion of the programming task. In that sense, we argue that code assistants still have a long road to pursue, since they seem to diminish the importance of the ultimate goals of the task at hand and also lack the ability of identifying and exploring the concepts of context-aware computing theory. The results of this paper can drive future HCI research to the design of adaptive code completion assistants that are able to respond to end user behaviors and preferences.
Discrete-event simulation of an irrigation system using Internet of Things
(2022-06-01) GOMES ALVES, R.; Rodrigo Maia; Fabio Lima
© 2003-2012 IEEE.Agricultural water consumption represents 69% of all freshwater used on the planet. In addition, it is necessary to increase food production by 50% by 2050. The use of Internet of Things platforms to carry out the sensing and monitoring of the agricultural environment is increasingly present in the literature. One of the difficulties that such platforms face is to validate the platform's operation in different irrigation systems, as it is often necessary for specialists to work in the connection of sensors and actuators that already exist on farms or that are defined in the design of such systems. Within this context, a discrete-event simulation of an irrigation system integrated into an Internet of Things platform was developed in this work. The digital manufacturing software Plant Simulation was used to perform the discrete event simulation. An OPC UA server establishes real-time communication between the Internet of Things platform and the simulation software. Thus, farmers may verify, in real-time, how a given irrigation prescription, sent by the IoT platform, takes place in the irrigation system.
Dynamic Power Management on a Mobile Robot
(2021-12-03) De Carvalho Techi R.; Plinio Thomaz Aquino Junior
© 2021 IEEE.Mobile robots must operate autonomously for sev-eral hours without interruption in battery charging. Energy optimization systems and methods are essential for the applicability of this technology. Dynamic Power Management (DPM) has the objective to reduce a system's total energy demand, through idleness exploitation. If the equipment is not in use, its energy dissipation should be as low as possible. This work presents the existing DPM methods analysis, systems requirements to make it eligible for the DPM, and also the management applicability analysis on a mobile robot.
A bipartite graph approach to retrieve similar 3D models with different resolution and types of cardiomyopathies
(2022-05-01) Leila Bergamasco; LIMA, K.R.P.S.; ROCHITTE, C. E.; NUNES, F. L. S.
Three-dimensional (3D) model retrieval uses content-based image retrieval (CBIR) techniques to search for the most similar 3D objects in a dataset, usually considering their geometry and organization in a feature vector. Feature vectors from different objects were compared to establish their similarities. Although this type of comparison typically uses metric distances, such metrics present limitations when the vector lengths are different. Signal-based descriptors are a promising approach for extracting features from 3D objects, but they generate feature vectors with different lengths. Thus, new methods for measuring the similarity are required. This study proposes an approach to 3D model retrieval as a network flow problem using bipartite graphs. The approach was applied to support the diagnosis of cardiomyopathies, considering 3D objects reconstructed from cardiac images of the left ventricle. We achieved an AUC value of 0.93 under the best retrieval scenario. The results also indicate that modeling a 3D model retrieval technique as a network flow problem using graphs can provide a promising manner to compare 3D objects with different shapes and sizes. This strategy, coupled with personal patient data, achieves better results than methods using classical comparison approaches.
Case adaptation by segment replanning for case-based planning systems
(2005-08-26) Flavio Tonidandel; RILLO, M.
An adaptation phase is crucial for a good and reasonable Case-Based Planning (CBP) system. The adaptation phase is responsible for finding a solution in order to solve a new problem. If the phase is not well designed, the CBP system may not solve the desirable range of problems or the solutions will not have appropriate quality. In this paper, a method called CASER - Case Adaptation by Segment Replanning - is presented as an adaptation rule for case-based planning system. The method has two phases: the first one completes a retrieved case as an easy-to-generate solution method. The second phase improves the quality of the solution by using a generic heuristic in a recursive algorithm to determine segments of the plan to be replanned. The CASER method does not use any additional knowledge, and it can find as good solutions as those found by the best generative planners. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.
Patterns de interface em PDA: Aplicação em coleta de dados de usabilidade
(2005-10-23) Plinio Thomaz Aquino Junior; FILGUEIRAS, L. V. L.; DE OLIVEIRA, E. C.; BELLO, T. R.
This poster describes interface patterns for PDA defined from usability studies at application developed from Usability Engineering Laboratory. The applications usability studies generated 15 interface patterns for PDA, with propose to create reliability during usability tests in Laboratory. When using defined patterns, it was gotten efficiency during the execution of the application.
Reading PDDL, writing an object-oriented model
(2006-10-27) Flavio Tonidandel; VAQUERO, T. S.; SILVA, J. R.
There are many efforts towards a combination of planning systems and real world applications. Although the PDDL is in constant evolution, which improves its capability to describe real domains, it is still a declarative language that is not so simple to be used by the non-planning community. This paper describes a translation process that reads a domain specification in PDDL and transforms it into an object-oriented model, more specifically into a version of UML for planning approaches. This translation process can let a designer read PDDL domains and verify it with some powerful tool like itSIMPLE or GIPO, or it can allow a planning system that only reads object-oriented models to run in domains described in PDDL originally. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.
Computing the q-index for tsallis nonextensive image segmentation
(2009-10-11) Paulo Rodrigues; GIRALDI, G. A.
The concept of entropy based on Shannon Theory of Information has been applied in the field of image processing and analysis since the work of T. Pun [1]. This concept is based on the traditional Boltzaman-Gibbs entropy, proposed under the classical thermodynamic. On the other hand, it is well known that this old formalism fails to explain some physical system if they have complex behavior such as long rang interactions and long time memories. Recently, studies in mechanical statistics have proposed a new kind of entropy, called Tsallis entropy (or non-extensive entropy), which has been considered with promising results on several applications in order to explain such phenomena. The main feature of Tsallis entropy is the q-index parameter, which is close related to the degree of system nonextensivity. In 2004 was proposed [2] the first algorithm for image segmentation based on Tsallis entropy. However, the computation of the q-index was already an open problem. On the other hand, in the field of image segmentation it is not an easy task to compare the quality of segmentation results. This is mainly due to the lack of an image ground truth based on human reasoning. In this paper, we propose the first methodology in the field of image segmentation for q-index computation and compare it with other similar approaches using a human based segmentation ground truth. The results suggest that our approach is a forward step for image segmentation algorithms based on Information Theory. © 2009 IEEE.
A reference process to design information systems for sustainable design based on LCA, PSS, social and economic aspects
(2010) SANTAMA, F. S.; BARBERATO, C.; SARAIVA, A. M.
© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2010.The purpose of Sustainable Design, SD, is to satisfy customer needs while reducing environmental impacts. The main challenge is to integrate Life Cycle Assessment, Product Service Systems, social and economic aspects while considering the tensions and trade-offs of each activity in depth. SD requires data from many sources in addition to many software tools to perform each analysis. In order to provide information systems for SD, the adoption of a Service-Oriented Architecture, SOA, is appropriate because of its integration requirements. SOA best practices recommend the design of a reference process prior to architectural definitions, so as to identify the complexities and provide a comprehensive solution to the problem. A reference process is presented here as the first step for building information systems for SD. In addition, the reference process presents a list of activities to be performed during the design stage and is very helpful as a guide for SD beginners.
Fuzzy decision tree applied to defects classification of glass manufacturing using data from a glass furnace model
(2012) COSTA, H. R.N.; LA NEVE, A.
Fuzzy Decision Tree (FID 3.4) and other algorithms were used for the classification of the defects that occur in the production process of glass for packing. In this study we used the Project "Newglass" installed in Portugal. This project used a model of Manufactures to study the process of manufacturing glass packaging. The database Project "Newglass" consists of the operating variables of the furnace and the percentage of defects found in end products of the factory model. The classification obtained through the Fuzzy Decision Tree was compared with the results obtained in the manufacture of glass for packing. The classifications obtained in the manufacture and in the FID 3.4 software were also compared with the classification obtained with CART (Classification and Regression Tree) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms. © 2012 IEEE.
A new approach based on computer vision and non-linear Kalman filtering to monitor the nebulization quality of oil flames
(2013-09-15) FLEURY, A. T.; TRIGO, F. C.; MARTINS, F. P. R.
The nebulization quality of oil flames, an important characteristic exhibited by combustion processes of petroleum refinery furnaces, is mostly affected by variations on the values ofthe vapor flow rate (VFR). Expressive visual changes in the flame patterns and decay of the combustion efficiency are observed when the process is tuned by diminishing the VFR. Such behavior is supported by experimental evidence showing that too low values of VFR and solid particulate material rate increase are strongly correlate d. Given the economical importance of keeping this parameter under control, a laborator ial vertical furnace was devised with the purpose of carrying out experiments to prototype acomputer vision system capable of estimati ng VFR values through the examination of test charact eristic vectors based on geometric properties of the grey level histogram of instantaneous flame images. Firstly, atraining set composed of feature vectors from all the images collected during experiments with a priori known VFR values are properly organized and analgorithm is applied to this data in order to generate a fuzzy measurement vector whose components represent membership degrees to the 'high nebulization quality'fuzzy set. Fuzzy classification vectors from images with unknown a priori VFR values are, then, assumed tobe state-vectors inarandom-walk model, and a non-linear Tikhonov regularized Kalman filter is applied to estimate the state and the corresponding nebulization quality. The successful validation of the output data, even based onsmall training data sets, indicates that the proposed approach could beapplied to synthesize a real-time algorithm for evaluating the nebulization quality of combustion processes in petroleum refinery furnaces that use oil flamesasthe heating source. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comparative study of self-heating effects influence on triple-gate FinFETs fabricated on bulk, SOI and modified substrates
(2013-09-02) D'ANGELO, R.; AGOPIAN, P. G. D.
This work presents a comparative study of the self-heating effects (SHE) influence on FinFET performance for four different substrates: Bulk, SOI, SDSOI and MSDSOI. The analysis was based on tridimensional numerical simulations and focuses mainly on the analog parameters. Although SOI FinFET devices usually present better performance than the others, when the self-heating was taking into consideration, they showed a degradation of the drain current (I DS) level resulting in a negative slope of IDS and consequently a negative output conductance precluding the intrinsic voltage gain analysis. It is demonstrated that, MSDSOI structure is the most optimized structure for analog applications varying the access window dimension depending on the gate and drain bias. © 2013 IEEE.

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