Avaliação da produção de biossurfactantes por fungos associados a caules e folhas de mandioca visando aplicação industrial
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Tipo de produção
Dissertação
Data
2022
Autores
Marelli, Maria Silvia
Orientador
Giannetti, Andréia de Araújo Morandim
Periódico
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Título de Volume
Citação
MARELLI, Maria Silvia. Avaliação da produção de biossurfactantes por fungos associados a caules e folhas de mandioca visando aplicação industrial. 2022. 88 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) - Centro Universitário FEI, São Bernardo do Campo, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.31414/EQ.2022.D.131606.
Texto completo (DOI)
Palavras-chave
Fungos endofíticos,Biossurfactantes,Emulsões,Mandioca
Resumo
A busca por compostos naturais que possam substituir com eficiência
compostos sintéticos em processos químicos tem sido alvo de várias pesquisas. Neste
sentido, trabalhos vêm sendo desenvolvidos na busca por biossurfactantes que
possam substituir os atuais surfactantes sintéticos ou alguns grupos destes. No
entanto, também são verificadas limitações, bem como desafios em relação a
aplicação de biossurfactantes em substituição a surfactantes sintéticos. Desta forma,
no presente trabalho, foi realizada a avaliação da produção de compostos com
potencial para atuar como biossurfactantes por fungos obtidos a partir de caules e
folhas de mandioca (12 fungos no total). A análise preliminar a partir de cada fungo,
individualmente, mostrou uma maior produção destes compostos pelos fungos FO1
(Cladosporium xanthochromaticum) e CA10 (Vouchered mycorrhizae).
Posteriormente, foi realizado o crescimento de todos os fungos em meio de cultura
líquido específico, visando intensificar a produção de biossurfactantes, sendo
verificado que o fungo que secretou uma maior concentração de compostos com
propriedades semelhantes às de biossurfactantes, foi o fungo CA10. Verificada a
maior eficiência de produção por este fungo, o mesmo foi submetido ao crescimento
em meio de cultura líquido específico variando-se o tempo, temperatura e pH, visando
o aumento da produção de biossurfactantes. A análise dos resultados referentes a
redução da tensão superficial mostrou que a condição ideal de crescimento do fungo
foi a utilização de uma temperatura de 30ºC, pH 8 e, tempo de 15 dias. Após a
determinação da melhor condição de crescimento do fungo para produção de
compostos com potencial para atuar como biossurfactantes, foi realizado um novo
crescimento nesta condição, bem como, uma pré-purificação do produto desejado.
Em uma das frações obtida foi observado a presença de compostos glicosilados, bem
como propriedade biossurfactante. Essa fração levou a uma redução da tensão
superficial de 62,42 %, quando comparado ao padrão
The search for natural compounds that can efficiently replace synthetic compounds in chemical processes has been the subject of several researches. In this sense, works have been developed in the search for biosurfactants that can replace the current synthetic surfactants or some groups of these. However, there are also limitations, as well as challenges due to the application of biosurfactants to replace synthetic surfactants. Thus, in the present work, the evaluation of the production of compounds with the potential to act as biosurfactants by fungi obtained from cassava stems and leaves (12 fungi in total) was carried out. The preliminary analysis from each fungus, individually, showed a higher production of these compounds by the fungi FO1 (Cladosporium xanthochromaticum) and CA10 (Vouchered mycorrhizae). Subsequently, the growth of all fungi in a specific liquid culture medium was carried out in order to intensify the production of biosurfactants, it was verified that the fungus that secreted a greater concentration of compounds with properties similar to those of biosurfactants was the CA10 fungus. After verifying the highest production efficiency by this fungus, it was submitted to growth in a specific liquid culture medium, varying the time, temperature and pH, aiming at increasing the production of biosurfactants. The analysis of the results referring to the reduction of surface tension showed that the ideal condition for the growth of the fungus was a temperature of 30ºC, pH 8, and time of 15 days. After determining the best fungus growth condition to produce compounds with the potential to act as biosurfactants, a new growth was carried out in this condition, as well as a pre-purification of the desired product. In one of the fractions obtained the presence of glycosylated compounds was observed, as well as biosurfactant property. This fraction led to a surface tension reduction of 62.42% when compared to the standard
The search for natural compounds that can efficiently replace synthetic compounds in chemical processes has been the subject of several researches. In this sense, works have been developed in the search for biosurfactants that can replace the current synthetic surfactants or some groups of these. However, there are also limitations, as well as challenges due to the application of biosurfactants to replace synthetic surfactants. Thus, in the present work, the evaluation of the production of compounds with the potential to act as biosurfactants by fungi obtained from cassava stems and leaves (12 fungi in total) was carried out. The preliminary analysis from each fungus, individually, showed a higher production of these compounds by the fungi FO1 (Cladosporium xanthochromaticum) and CA10 (Vouchered mycorrhizae). Subsequently, the growth of all fungi in a specific liquid culture medium was carried out in order to intensify the production of biosurfactants, it was verified that the fungus that secreted a greater concentration of compounds with properties similar to those of biosurfactants was the CA10 fungus. After verifying the highest production efficiency by this fungus, it was submitted to growth in a specific liquid culture medium, varying the time, temperature and pH, aiming at increasing the production of biosurfactants. The analysis of the results referring to the reduction of surface tension showed that the ideal condition for the growth of the fungus was a temperature of 30ºC, pH 8, and time of 15 days. After determining the best fungus growth condition to produce compounds with the potential to act as biosurfactants, a new growth was carried out in this condition, as well as a pre-purification of the desired product. In one of the fractions obtained the presence of glycosylated compounds was observed, as well as biosurfactant property. This fraction led to a surface tension reduction of 62.42% when compared to the standard