Construção modular
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Citações na Scopus
Tipo de produção
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Data
2020-12-03
Autores
Ferreira, Beatriz Galdino dos Santos
Ávila, Bruna Gabrielle Sena
Shinohara, Letícia Miyuki
Takahashi, Milena Sayuri
Ávila, Bruna Gabrielle Sena
Shinohara, Letícia Miyuki
Takahashi, Milena Sayuri
Orientador
Diego Lourenço Cartacho
Periódico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Citação
Texto completo (DOI)
Palavras-chave
habitação,déficit habitacional,contêiner,housing,housing déficit,container
Resumo
Nas últimas décadas, segundo o Censo Demográfico do IBGE de 2010 e um estudo
do grupo CEM em 2016, pode-se observar um crescimento acentuado no déficit
habitacional de São Paulo, estimando que 1.675.221 paulistanos residem em setores de precariedade, já que o modelo de construção atual não supre a demanda
necessária de habitação, principalmente das pessoas mais carentes. De acordo com
Índice Nacional da Construção Civil (Sinapi), divulgado pelo IBGE, o custo da
construção por metro quadrado subiu 0,25% de janeiro a fevereiro de 2020,
alcançando R$1.165,13, com isso, dificultando a moradia digna. Portanto,
desenvolveu-se um modelo de conjunto habitacional para pessoas de baixa renda
utilizando um método construtivo inovador capaz de construir de forma mais rápida,
barata e eficiente em relação ao método convencional (alvenaria, viga, laje e pilar),
tendo em vista o conforto e o bem-estar do usuário. O contêiner marítimo, utilizado
para o transporte de cargas pelo mundo, tornou-se útil dentro da construção civil,
sendo possível construir por meio de sua estrutura uma forma de habitação. Com isso, a partir da revisão bibliográfica levantou-se parâmetros construtivos e técnicos de forma a realizar um projeto que atenda às necessidades de interesse social utilizando contêineres. Desta forma, desenvolveu-se um complexo com 36 unidades
habitacionais com dois tipos de layouts diferentes para assim atender famílias com
diferentes necessidades. Foi feito o estudo da metodologia completa para aplicação
nesse modelo, desde sua fundação aos seus acabamentos, demonstrando soluções
eficientes para os principais problemas de sua aplicação na construção civil, como o
seu desconforto térmico e acústico. Para a entrega do projeto, foi demonstrado que é
possível utilizar fundação com sapatas isoladas, que a estrutura do contêiner é
autoportante, mostrando a possível forma de empilhamento, montagem das
habitações e as instalações mais relevantes para edifício para transformá-los em
edifício de 4 pavimentos, incluindo o térreo. Por fim, foi apresentado a viabilidade
econômica com a implantação completa do projeto desenvolvido ao longo deste
trabalho.
In the last few decades, according to the 2010 IBGE Demographic Census and study by the CEM group in 2016, a marked increase in the housing deficit in São Paulo can be observed, estimating that 1.675.221 city residents live in precarious sectors, the current construction model does not meet the necessary housing demand, especially from people in need. According to the National Index of Civil Construction (Sinapi), released by the IBGE, the cost of construction per square meter rose 0,25 % from January to Febuary 2020, reaching R$1.165,13, thereby hampering decent housing. Therefore, was thought to develop a public model for low-income citizens by using an innovative construction method capable of building faster, with cheaper costs and more efficiently than the current method used in the civil construction system (masonry, beam, slab, column), in view of the comfort and the well-being of its users. The maritime container, used to transports cargo around the world, has become useful in civil construction, making its structure a reliable for housing. Thus, from the bibliographic review, were raised constructive and technical parameters in order to carry out a project that meets the demands of social interest in using containers. For this purpose, utilizing these premises, was developed a 36 housing units complex with two different types of layouts to pay attention to families with different needs. Hence this goal, a complete application methodology in this model was studied, from its foundation to its final finishes, demonstrating efficient solutions to the main problems of its application in civil construction, such as its thermal and acoustic discomfort. For the delivery of the project, it was demonstrated that it’s possible to use isolated footing foundation for the building and that the container structure is self-supporting, demonstrating the possible way of stacking and assembling the dwellings to transform them into 4 floors, including the ground floor. Lastly, the economic viability was presented with the complete implementation of the project developed throughout this study.
In the last few decades, according to the 2010 IBGE Demographic Census and study by the CEM group in 2016, a marked increase in the housing deficit in São Paulo can be observed, estimating that 1.675.221 city residents live in precarious sectors, the current construction model does not meet the necessary housing demand, especially from people in need. According to the National Index of Civil Construction (Sinapi), released by the IBGE, the cost of construction per square meter rose 0,25 % from January to Febuary 2020, reaching R$1.165,13, thereby hampering decent housing. Therefore, was thought to develop a public model for low-income citizens by using an innovative construction method capable of building faster, with cheaper costs and more efficiently than the current method used in the civil construction system (masonry, beam, slab, column), in view of the comfort and the well-being of its users. The maritime container, used to transports cargo around the world, has become useful in civil construction, making its structure a reliable for housing. Thus, from the bibliographic review, were raised constructive and technical parameters in order to carry out a project that meets the demands of social interest in using containers. For this purpose, utilizing these premises, was developed a 36 housing units complex with two different types of layouts to pay attention to families with different needs. Hence this goal, a complete application methodology in this model was studied, from its foundation to its final finishes, demonstrating efficient solutions to the main problems of its application in civil construction, such as its thermal and acoustic discomfort. For the delivery of the project, it was demonstrated that it’s possible to use isolated footing foundation for the building and that the container structure is self-supporting, demonstrating the possible way of stacking and assembling the dwellings to transform them into 4 floors, including the ground floor. Lastly, the economic viability was presented with the complete implementation of the project developed throughout this study.