Engenharia Elétrica

URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.fei.edu.br/handle/FEI/21

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Automatic detection of people with reduced mobility using YOLOv5 and data reduction strategy
(2023-05-29) ADORNO, P. L. V.; JASENOVSKI, I. M.; SANTIAGO, D. F. DE M.; Leila Bergamasco
© 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).Context: A portion of the users in the São Paulo Metro are people who have physical limitations and need the help of wheelchairs or other similar devices. In this way, the Metro stations have elevators that allow these users to move between the floors of the station. In order, for the elevator to be used, it is necessary for the user to call the operators of the stations, who, in turn, check if the user who is requesting access to the elevator fits the target audience. Problem: This type of request requires manual validation by station operators, causing interruptions in their work routines and delays in passenger travel. Solution: To implement and evaluate artificial intelligence methods for automatic detection of people in wheelchairs or other auxiliary devices. IS Theory: This project was idealized from the perspective of Customer Focus Theory. Method: The You Only Look Once (YOLOv5) neural network was implemented in the Mobility Aids database. Tests were performed considering the original and modified base, composed of a reduced number of images, aiming to assess whether the accuracy of the model remains even with reduced database data. Summary of Results: The results obtained show an average accuracy of more than 92% with the modified database. Contribution: The results corroborated our methodology and we will be able to test in Sao Paulo subway with real images. In a long term, It is expected that by automating such a task, operators will be less overloaded and passengers with reduced mobility will gain more autonomy.
Halo effects on 0.13 μm floating-body partially depleted SOI n-Mosfets in low temperature operation
(2003-10-12) MARTINO, J. A.; Marcelo Antonio Pavanello; SIMOEN, E.; CLAEYS, C.
This work studies the effect of halo implantation on the electrical characteristics of deep-submicrometer partially depleted SOI nMOSFETs during low temperature and floating body operation, Parameters such as the Drain Induced Barrier Lowering and the device thermal resistance have been investigated. It is shown that the combination of floating body operation with halo implantation degrades the DIBL in the temperature range studied (90 - 300 K) in comparison to devices that did not received this implantation. The halo region causes a more pronounced negative output conductance than for the transistors without a halo implantation. An estimation of the temperature rise for a given dissipated power in both types of devices is made, based on the thermal resistance, which is derived from the output characteristics in function of the temperature.
Operation of double gate graded-channel transistors at low temperatures
(2003-10-16) Marcelo Antonio Pavanello; MARTINO, J. A.; CHUNG, T. M.; KRANTI, A.; RASKIN, J. P.; FLANDRE, D.
This work studies the use of graded-channel profile on double gate SOI MOSEETs from room temperature down to 95 K with the aim of studying the analog performance. Two-dimensional simulations are performed to provide a physical explanation for the improved analog device characteristics given by the double gate graded-channel MOSFETs. It is demonstrated that double gate graded-channel MOSFETs can provide extremely improved Early voltage, high transconductance and drive current in comparison to the conventional double gate fully depleted SOI MOSFETs with similar dimensions. A degradation in the Early voltage as the temperature decreases has been found but this reduction reflects negligibly in the low frequency open loop gain for a temperature range of 150 K to 300 K due compensation provided by the transconductance to drain current ratio.
Stocks classification using fuzzy clustering
(2004-06-21) Renato Aguiar; SALES, R. M.; DE SOUSA, L. A.; IMONIANA, J. O.
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the application of a pattern recognition technique as a supporting tool for stock investment decision taking by the public companies in the Brazilian Stock Market. The technique, known as fuzzy clustering means is applied to a set of indexes extracted from the quarterly financial statements relating to the 4 th quarter of 1994 through the 2nd quarter of 2002 belonging to oil/petrochemical and textile companies. The technique separates a group of companies into two sets. Having a set with higher potential returns than the other. And besides that, the set of stocks of the companies produced a higher potential yields and an average financial returns closer to the Bovespa index.
An improved model for the triangular SOI misalignment test structure
(2004-09-07) Renato Giacomini; MARINO, J. A.
The triangular misalignment test structure is an arrangement of MOS transistors to calculate the poly and source/drain diffusion misalignment as a function of drain current differences. Although these structures have non-rectangular shapes, which may be detrimental for the design, the advantage of measuring currents instead of voltage differences make them very useful. This work presents a new analytic misalignment error model for thin-film, fully depleted SOI technology, using non rectangular devices. Three-dimensional numerical simulation is used as a reference for models comparison and verification. These simulation results show that the proposed analytical model presents an improved performance compared to those available in the literature.
Distributed DSP processing for multivariable state equations
(2004-08-04) Fabrizio Leonardi; MELO, M. A. A. DE; LA NEVE, A.
This work deals with the synthesis of a multivariable digital controller when its hardware must be decentralized. Thus, it can be used as a way to implement dynamic equations in state space for hardware with limited inputs and outputs. The method consists in breaking equations, while keeping the overall transfer matrix, resulting in a distributed implementation. The solution has a modular structure for an arbitrary number of inputs and outputs. It is shown a way to perform the synthesis by using the same dynamic matrix. As a consequence the computational demand could not be severely reduced when compared with a centralized controller. Nevertheless, the synthesis is actually distributed since each part is implemented with a smaller number of inputs and outputs. A multivariable controller of an inverted pendulum is used as an example. ©2004 IEEE.
Analysis of harmonic distortion in graded-channel SOI MOSFETS at high temperatures
(2004-09-11) Marcelo Antonio Pavanello; CERDEIRA, A.; MARTINO, J. A.; ALEMAN, M. A.; FLANDRE, D.
An evaluation of the harmonic distortion in conventional and graded-channel SOI MOSFETs is performed from room temperature up to 423 K. The total harmonic distortion and third order harmonic distortion have been adopted as figures of merit. It is shown that the total harmonic distortion decreases as the length of the lightly doped region is increased in GC transistors, due to reduction of the effective voltage amplitude that is applied on the conventionally doped part of the channel. On the other hand, the third order harmonic distortion increases with the length of lightly doped region. The temperature increase tends to reduce the total harmonic distortion and the third order harmonic.
A fully analytical continuous model for graded-channel SOI MOSFET for analog applications
(2004-09-11) Michelly De Souza; Marcelo Antonio Pavanello; INIGUEZ, B.; FLANDRE, D.
In this work an analytical model of Graded-Channel (GC) Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) nMOSFETs is proposed for analog applications. The model is based on a series association of two conventional SOI nMOSFETs each representing one part of the GC SOI nMOSFET channel. From this assumption, we propose a current model that considers the GC SOI MOSFET as a conventional SOI transistor, represented by one part of the channel only, in which the drain voltage is modulated by the remaining part. The proposed model has been verified through the comparison between its results and experimental measurements, presenting a good agreement. Some important characteristics for analog circuits, such as transconductance and Early voltage, are compared between the model results and experimental curves.
Digital signal processing with MatLab and DSP Kits
(2004-08-04) MELO, M. A. A. DE; Fabrizio Leonardi; LA NEVE, A.
A methodology, based on progressive steps, has been developed, so that the students be prepared to design and implement typical industrial projects, such as digital filters, voice processing algorithms, and others, and also be able to correlate this knowledge with other disciplines. They start with an analog system, described by a differential equation, from which a generic discrete equation is generated. The projects are initially simulated with MatLab, and they are then implemented with DSP TMS320C31. The projects are always based on a fundamental equation of differences, representing a digital filter: this is very important for the study of digital processing concepts, such as system stability, system order, computational complexity, and so on. The simulation helps the students to understand a system digitalization process. The results obtained with the students in the course show the efficiency of this methodology. ©2004 IEEE.
Improved current mirror performance using graded-channel silicon-on-insulator devices in high temperature operation
(2004-09-11) FERREIRA, R. S.; Marcelo Antonio Pavanello
This work studies the output characteristics of analog current mirror using graded-channel in comparison to conventional Silicon-On-Insulator MOSFETs in high temperature operation. The output characteristics are discussed, based on simulation and experimental results. The Mirroring Precision, Output Swing and Output Resistance are extremely improved at high temperature thanks to the reduced output conductance in graded-channel transistors.

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