Análise de desempenho entre painéis solares:
Carregando...
Citações na Scopus
Tipo de produção
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Data
2021-06-16
Autores
Barbosa, Alison de Oliveira
Santos, João Victor coelho Martins dos
Lauand, Leonardo Henniens
Lima, Lucca Menezes
Biondilo, Rafael
Santos, João Victor coelho Martins dos
Lauand, Leonardo Henniens
Lima, Lucca Menezes
Biondilo, Rafael
Orientador
Duarte, Silvio Xavier
Periódico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Citação
Texto completo (DOI)
Palavras-chave
seguidor solar,painel fotovoltaico,simulação,solar tracker,photovoltaic panel,simulation
Resumo
O consumo de energia elétrica apresenta dois tipos de crescimento: um dependente do crescimento populacional de uma dada região (chamado de crescimento horizontal) e outro, dependente do aumento da carga em instalações existentes, seja em residências, comércios ou mesmo indústrias. Assim, em condições normais, a demanda por energia elétrica tende apenas a aumentar ao longo do tempo e este comportamento exige investimentos em novas gerações de energia elétrica. Porém, no Brasil, as fontes de energia hidrelétricas está atualmente limitada principalmente devido a restrições ambientais. Por outro lado, fontes de energia térmicas apresentam custos cada vez maiores e também restrições ambientais. Neste cenário de escassez de fontes de energia o uso da energia solar é inevitável, principalmente no caso brasileiro onde essa forma de energia é abundante em todo território nacional. Além de abundante, o impacto ambiental para este tipo de fonte de energia é relativamente menor. Soma-se a estes aspectos o custo do kWh da energia elétrica para o consumidor comum, que tem aumentado consideravelmente a despesa familiar. Considerando o contexto desenhado, é premente o incentivo cada vez maior ao uso da energia elétrica proveniente de paineis solares. Outro incentivo importante é a disponibilidade de tecnologia para conectar o que se denomina geração distribuída originária de painéis solares à rede de suprimento. Assim, ao produzir energia através de painéis fotovoltaicos, é possível aumentar a eficiência energética, de instalações residenciais, comerciais ou mesmo industriais urbanas, ou suprir energia a unidades isoladas. Os painéis solares podem ser fixos ou utilizar sistemas que permitem o painel seguir o Sol. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar se há ganho de eficiência de um painel seguidor solar em comparação com um painel fixo e se esse ganho de eficiência é ou não vantajoso. O trabalho focou no uso de painéis solares para residências de consumo médio/baixo que atingiria uma grande quantidade de consumidores existentes nas redes de distribuição de energia, sendo as análises limitadas a este universo de consumidores, mas que são suficientes para subsidiar outras avaliações futuras. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foram desenvolvidos modelos de painéis solares, em ambiente de simulação, que equivalem a um protótipo real. Além disto, foi estabelecida uma metodologia para a obtenção da irradiação solar ao longo dos dias do ano com uso de software específico a fim de suprir dados para as simulações desenvolvidas, para os casos de painel móvel e fixo. Também foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para o estabelecimento de cenários de simulações e de avaliação técnica e econômica. As simulações permitiram uma análise comparativa entre os três modelos de painel utilizado, e os resultados indicaram que não é vantajoso o uso de painéis com seguidor solar devido ao pequeno incremento de energia obtido com o uso do sistema móvel para o universo de carga considerado. Ressalta-se finalmente que o trabalho desenvolvido poderá ensejar o desenvolvimento de aplicativo que oriente consumidores quando a decisão de investimento ou tomada de empréstimo junto a bancos de financiamentos.
Electricity consumption presents two types of growth: one dependent on the population growth of a given region (called horizontal growth) and the other, dependent on the increase in the load on existing installations, whether in homes, businesses or even industries. Thus, under normal conditions, the demand for electricity only tends to increase over time and this behavior requires investments in new generations of electricity. However, inBrazil, hydroelectricsources are currently limited mainly due to environmental restrictions. On the other hand, thermal energy sources have increasing costs and environmental restrictions. In this scenario of scarcity of energy sources, the use of solar energy is inevitable, especially in the Brazilian case where this form of energy is abundant throughout the country. In addition to being abundant, the environmental impact for this type of energy source is relatively minor. Added to these aspects is thecost of kWh of electricity for the common consumer, which has considerably increased family expenses. Considering the context designed, the increasing encouragement of the use of electricity from solar panels is urgently needed. Another important incentive is the availability of technology to connect what is called distributed generation originating from solar panels to the supply network.By producing energy through photovoltaic panels, it is possible to increase energy efficiency, for urban residences, commercial, industrial, costumers or to supply energy to isolated installations. The solar panels can be fixed or use systems that allow the panel to track the Sun. The present paper aims to evaluate if there is an efficiency gain of a solar tracker panel compared to a fixed panel and if this efficiency gain is advantageous or not.The paperfocused on the use of solar panels for medium/low consumption homes that would reach a large number of existing consumers in energydistribution networks, with the analyzes being limited to this universe of consumers, but which are sufficient to support other future assessments. For the development of the paper, models of solar panels weredeveloped, in a simulation environment, which are equivalent to a real prototype. In addition, a methodology was established to obtain solar irradiation over the days of the year with the use of specific software to supply data for the simulations developed, for the cases of solar tracking and fixed panels. A methodology was also developed to establishscenarios for simulations and technical and economic evaluation. The simulations allowed a comparative analysis between the three panel models used, and the results indicated that the use of panels with a solar tracker is not advantageous due to the small energy increment obtained with the use of the mobile system for the considered load universe. Finally, it is noteworthy that the paperdeveloped may lead to the development of an application that guides consumers when making an investment decision or taking a loan from financing banks.
Electricity consumption presents two types of growth: one dependent on the population growth of a given region (called horizontal growth) and the other, dependent on the increase in the load on existing installations, whether in homes, businesses or even industries. Thus, under normal conditions, the demand for electricity only tends to increase over time and this behavior requires investments in new generations of electricity. However, inBrazil, hydroelectricsources are currently limited mainly due to environmental restrictions. On the other hand, thermal energy sources have increasing costs and environmental restrictions. In this scenario of scarcity of energy sources, the use of solar energy is inevitable, especially in the Brazilian case where this form of energy is abundant throughout the country. In addition to being abundant, the environmental impact for this type of energy source is relatively minor. Added to these aspects is thecost of kWh of electricity for the common consumer, which has considerably increased family expenses. Considering the context designed, the increasing encouragement of the use of electricity from solar panels is urgently needed. Another important incentive is the availability of technology to connect what is called distributed generation originating from solar panels to the supply network.By producing energy through photovoltaic panels, it is possible to increase energy efficiency, for urban residences, commercial, industrial, costumers or to supply energy to isolated installations. The solar panels can be fixed or use systems that allow the panel to track the Sun. The present paper aims to evaluate if there is an efficiency gain of a solar tracker panel compared to a fixed panel and if this efficiency gain is advantageous or not.The paperfocused on the use of solar panels for medium/low consumption homes that would reach a large number of existing consumers in energydistribution networks, with the analyzes being limited to this universe of consumers, but which are sufficient to support other future assessments. For the development of the paper, models of solar panels weredeveloped, in a simulation environment, which are equivalent to a real prototype. In addition, a methodology was established to obtain solar irradiation over the days of the year with the use of specific software to supply data for the simulations developed, for the cases of solar tracking and fixed panels. A methodology was also developed to establishscenarios for simulations and technical and economic evaluation. The simulations allowed a comparative analysis between the three panel models used, and the results indicated that the use of panels with a solar tracker is not advantageous due to the small energy increment obtained with the use of the mobile system for the considered load universe. Finally, it is noteworthy that the paperdeveloped may lead to the development of an application that guides consumers when making an investment decision or taking a loan from financing banks.