BIOMETRUCK
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Citações na Scopus
Tipo de produção
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Data
2022-06-24
Autores
Oliveira, Fabrício Ferreira Fávaro de
Leme, Guilherme Ruffato de Almeida
Gonçalves, João Luis Antonio
Lolli, Murilo Mazzuco
Fonseca, Thales Murador Meneguel
Garcia, Victor Campos
Bacar, Vinicius Nardello
Leme, Guilherme Ruffato de Almeida
Gonçalves, João Luis Antonio
Lolli, Murilo Mazzuco
Fonseca, Thales Murador Meneguel
Garcia, Victor Campos
Bacar, Vinicius Nardello
Orientador
Rovai, Fernando Fusco
Periódico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Citação
Texto completo (DOI)
Palavras-chave
biometano,etanol,kit de conversão,caminhão de coleta de lixo,biomethane,ethanol,conversion Kit,garbage collection truck
Resumo
Há uma crescente preocupação global com relação às emissões de poluentes
e seu impacto na saúde e qualidade de vida, neste sentido um dos principais
detratores do indicador são os veículos a combustão interna. Segundo o Plano de
Controle de Poluição Veicular, elaborado pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de
São Paulo (CETESB) apesar dos caminhões comporem apenas 3% da frota total,
são movidos a diesel, combustível predominantemente fóssil e por isso sua
participação na emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) é de cerca de 44% do total. Um estudo realizado por uma empresa de gerenciamento de frotas (AMBIENTE
BRASIL, 2011) constatou que o transporte de lixo é o que mais emite dióxido de
carbono (CO2) por quilômetro rodado. Neste cenário é evidente a demanda por
soluções que reduzam o consumo de diesel e promovam a utilização de combustíveis renováveis. Frente ao Diesel, o Biometano é um combustível sustentável e apresenta redução no ruído, redução na emissão de óxido nitroso (NOx), material particulado (MP) e dióxido de carbono (CO2). Outra opção seria a utilização do Etanol que também se caracteriza como um combustível limpo e apresenta maior disponibilidade quando comparado ao Biometano. Entretanto algumas limitações impedem a simples substituição dos combustíveis, são elas: taxa de compressão, estado físico e octanagem dos combustíveis. O propósito do presente trabalho é desenvolver uma solução para a inadequação dos motores a Diesel que movem caminhões de coleta de lixo a combustíveis renováveis. Para tanto, escolheram-se três vertentes como alvo de estudo: utilização de Etanol aditivado, utilização de um Dual-fuel Diesel-Biometano e a Ottolização do motor ciclo Diesel. Após estudos e com a utilização de uma matriz de decisão optou-se pela adequação do motor ciclo Diesel para ciclo Otto utilizando Etanol e Biometano. Adotou-se como premissa o veículo funcionar em três possíveis modos de operação com proporção estequiométrica variável, sendo elas exclusivamente com Etanol, exclusivamente com Biometano e a mistura de ambos. O projeto será norteado pelos ajustes necessários no conjunto do motor para garantir desempenho adequado à aplicação e redução nas emissões de NOx, MP e CO2.
There is a growing global concern about pollutant emissions and their impact on health and quality of life, in this sense one of the main detractors of the indicator are internal combustion engine vehicles. According to the Vehicle Pollution Control Plan, prepared by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB), although trucks make up only 3% of the total fleet, they are powered by diesel, predominantly fossil fuel, and therefore their participation in the emission of greenhouse effect (GHG) is about 44% of the total. A study carried out by a fleet management company (AMBIENTE BRASIL, 2011) found that the transport of garbage is the one that emits the most carbon dioxide (CO2) per kilometer driven. In this scenario, the demand for solutions that reduce diesel consumption and promote the use of renewable fuels is evident. Compared to Diesel, Biomethane is a sustainable fuel and presents a reduction in noise, reduction in the emission of nitrous oxide (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Another option would be to use Ethanol, which is also characterized as a clean fuel and has greater availability when compared to Biomethane. However, some limitations prevent the simple substitution of fuels, they are: compression ratio, physical state and octane of fuels. The purpose of the present work is to develop a solution for the inadequacy of Diesel engines that move garbage collection trucks to renewable fuels. Therefore, three aspects were chosen as the study target: use of Ethanol with additives, use of a Dual-fuel Diesel-Biomethane and the Ottolization of the Diesel cycle engine. After studies and using a decision matrix, it was decided to adapt the Diesel cycle engine to the Otto cycle using Ethanol and Biomethane. It was adopted as a premise that the vehicle works in three possible modes of operation with variable stoichiometric proportions, being them exclusively with Ethanol, exclusively with Biomethane and the mixture of both. The project will be guided by the necessary adjustments to the engine set to ensure adequate performance for the application and reduction in NOx, PM and CO2 emissions.
There is a growing global concern about pollutant emissions and their impact on health and quality of life, in this sense one of the main detractors of the indicator are internal combustion engine vehicles. According to the Vehicle Pollution Control Plan, prepared by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB), although trucks make up only 3% of the total fleet, they are powered by diesel, predominantly fossil fuel, and therefore their participation in the emission of greenhouse effect (GHG) is about 44% of the total. A study carried out by a fleet management company (AMBIENTE BRASIL, 2011) found that the transport of garbage is the one that emits the most carbon dioxide (CO2) per kilometer driven. In this scenario, the demand for solutions that reduce diesel consumption and promote the use of renewable fuels is evident. Compared to Diesel, Biomethane is a sustainable fuel and presents a reduction in noise, reduction in the emission of nitrous oxide (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Another option would be to use Ethanol, which is also characterized as a clean fuel and has greater availability when compared to Biomethane. However, some limitations prevent the simple substitution of fuels, they are: compression ratio, physical state and octane of fuels. The purpose of the present work is to develop a solution for the inadequacy of Diesel engines that move garbage collection trucks to renewable fuels. Therefore, three aspects were chosen as the study target: use of Ethanol with additives, use of a Dual-fuel Diesel-Biomethane and the Ottolization of the Diesel cycle engine. After studies and using a decision matrix, it was decided to adapt the Diesel cycle engine to the Otto cycle using Ethanol and Biomethane. It was adopted as a premise that the vehicle works in three possible modes of operation with variable stoichiometric proportions, being them exclusively with Ethanol, exclusively with Biomethane and the mixture of both. The project will be guided by the necessary adjustments to the engine set to ensure adequate performance for the application and reduction in NOx, PM and CO2 emissions.